Nginx负载调度器+双Tomcat负载及会话共享+MySQL后端数据库

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    Nginx负载调度器+双Tomcat负载及会话复制+MySQL后端数据库

    环境：

    IP 作用
    192.168.2.5 nginx
    192.168.2.6 tomcat1
    192.168.2.7 tomcat2
    192.168.2.8 mysql

    一、session共享之前配置

    步骤：

    ①关闭防火墙或者开放端口80，8080，3306，关闭selinux

    ②安装nginx

    从nginx官网下载最新版
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.9.tar.gz

    [root@192 ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

    [root@192 ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

    [root@192 ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.13.9.tar.gz -C /usr/src

    [root@192 ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.13.9/

    [root@192 nginx-1.13.9]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module && make && make install

    [root@192 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin

    不启动nginx

    ③两台tomcat主机进行安装

    jdk从官网下载需要许可，允许之后下载至本地，导入主机
tomcat从官网downloads找到tomcat7.0或者更高版本
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.86/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.86.tar.gz

    [root@192 ~]# tar zxf jdk-7u65-linux-x64.gz -C /usr/src

    [root@192 ~]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz -C /usr/src

    [root@192 ~]# mv jdk1.7.0_65/ /usr/local/java

    [root@192 ~]# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.54/ /usr/local/tomcat7

    [root@192 ~]# vim /etc/profile

    export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat7
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH

    [root@192 ~]# source /etc/profile

    [root@192 ~]# java -version

    java version "1.8.0_171"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_171-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.171-b11, mixed mode)

    [root@192 ~]# catalina.sh version

    Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat7
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat7
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat7/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/java
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat7/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat7/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Server version: Apache Tomcat/7.0.
Server built:   May 19 2014 10:26:15
Server number:  7.0.86.0
OS Name:        Linux
OS Version:     3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
Architecture:   amd64
JVM Version:    1.7.0_65-b17
JVM Vendor:     Oracle Corporation

    启动tomcat
    [root@192 ~]# /usr/local/tomcat7/bin/startup.sh

    Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat7
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat7
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat7/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/java
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat7/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat7/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

    测试访问

    http://192.168.2.6:8080
    http://192.168.2.7:8080

    ④两台主机修改tomcat配置文件
    [root@192 ~]#cd /usr/local/tomcat7/conf

    [root@192 ~]#cp server.xml server.xml.bak

    [root@192 ~]#vim server.xml

    .......
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat-1">
<Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
        <Context docBase="/web/webapp1" path="" reloadable="true"/>

    [root@192 ~]#mkdir -p /web/webapp1

    [root@192 ~]#vim /web/webapp1/index.jsp

    <%@page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
 <head>
<title>tomcat-1</title>
 </head>
<body>
 <h1><font color="red">Session serviced by tomcat</font></h1>
<table aligh="center" border="1">
<tr>
 <td>Session ID</td>
     <td><%=session.getId()%></td>
<% session.setAttribute("abc","abc");%>
      </tr>
<tr>
<td>Create on</td>
<td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
</tr>
   </table>
</body>
</html>

    重启tomcat
    [root@192 ~]#shutdown.sh
    [root@192 ~]#startup.sh

    注意:第二台主机不同处server.xml中jvmRoute=”tomcat-2”，还有index.jsp中<title>tomcat-2</title>

    测试访问看到两台tomcat主机session ID不同，准备工作完成

    http://192.168.2.6:8080
    http://192.168.2.7:8008

    二、session共享配置

    步骤：

    ①两台主机配置会话共享群集
    [root@192 ~]#vim /usr/local/tomcat7/conf/server.xml

    .......
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat-1">

      <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
          /docs/cluster-howto.html  (simple how to)
          /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
      <!--
      <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
      -->
      <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
                  channelSendOptions="8">

         <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
                  expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
                  notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>

         <Channel className="org.apache.catal

ina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
            <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
                        address="228.0.0.4"
                        port="45564"
                        frequency="500"
                        dropTime="3000"/>
            <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
                        address="192.168.2.5"
                        port="4000"
                        autoBind="100"
                        selectorTimeout="5000"
                        maxThreads="6"/>
            <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
              <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
            </Sender>
            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
          </Channel>

          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
 filter=""/>
          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

  <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
                temDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
                deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
                watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
                watchEnabled="false"/>

  <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
      <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
    </Cluster>
  <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
       via a brute-force attack -->
  <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
    <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
         resources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any edits
         that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
         available for use by the Realm.  -->
    <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
           resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
  </Realm>

  <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
        unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
    <Context docBase="/web/webapp1" path="" reloadable="true"/>

    [root@192 ~]#mkdir /web/webapp1/WEB-INF

    [root@192 ~]#cp /usr/local/tomcat7/conf/web.xml WEB-INF/

    [root@192 ~]#vim WEB-INF/web.xml

    <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
  version="3.0">
<distributable/>  #添加这个单词，必须有这一步，否则用户的session没法使用

    如果开启防火墙的话，开启以下
    [root@192 ~]#firewall-cmd --add-port=45564/udp --permanent
    [root@192 ~]#firewall-cmd --add-port=4000/tcp --permanent
    [root@192 ~]#firewall-cmd --reload

    重启tomcat
    [root@192 ~]#shutdown.sh
    [root@192 ~]#startup.sh

    注意：两个tomcat配置一样只要在Receiver段指对第二台主机ip地址即可

    ②配置nginx
    [root@192 ~]#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

    .......
http { 
.......
upstream tomcat_server {
        server 192.168.2.6:8080 weight=1;
        server 192.168.2.7:8080 weight=1;
  }

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
        }

    启动nginx，访问nginx地址刷新页面测试访问

    [root@192 ~]#nginx

    http://192.168.2.5

    三、连接mysql数据库

    步骤：

    ①192.168.2.8中的mysql容器作为数据库服务器，配置mysql：
    mysql>grant all privileges on . to javauser@’192.168.2.%’ identified by ‘123.com’;

    mysql> create database javatest

    mysql>use javatest

    mysql>create table testdata(id int not null auto_increment primary key,foo varchar(25),bar varchar(10));

    mysql>insert into testdata(foo,bar) values(‘hello’,’123.com’);

    mysql>select * from testdata;

    id foo bar
    1 hello 123.com

    ②下载mysql-connector-java-5.1.22-bin.jar 复制到tomcat7/lib/目录下(两台tomcat都需要配置)
    [root@192 ~]# cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.22-bin.jar /usr/local/tomcat7/lib/

    ③配置context.xml
    [root@192 ~]# cp /usr/local/tomcat7/conf/context.xml /usr/local/tomcat7/conf/context.xml.bak

    [root@192 ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat7/conf/context.xml

    <Context>

    <!-- Default set of monitored resources -->
    <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>
    <Resource name="jdbc/TestDB" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"
              maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000"
              username="javauser" password="123.com" driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
              url="jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.8:3306/javatest"/>

    ④配置web.xml
    [root@192 ~]# vim /web/webapp1/web.xml

    ......
<distributable/>
<description>MySQL Test App</description>
 <resource-ref>
    <description>DB Connection</description>
    <res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name>
    <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
    <res-auth>Container</res-auth>
 </resource-ref>

    ⑤编写连接数据库jsp文件
    [root@192 ~]# vim /web/webapp1/test.jsp

    <%@ page language="java" import="java.sql.*" pageEncoding="GB2312"%>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>MySQL</title>
  </head>
<body>
connect MySQL<br>
<%
String driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
String url="jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.8:3306/javatest";
String username = "javauser";
String password = "123.com";
Class.forName(driverClass);
Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
Statement stmt=conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from testdata");
while(rs.next()){
 out.println("<br>foo:"+rs.getString(2)+"bar:"+rs.getString(3));
}
rs.close();
stmt.close();
conn.close();
%>
</body></html>

    ⑥重启tomcat，测试连接
    [root@192 ~]# shutdown.sh
    [root@192 ~]# startup.sh

    http://192.168.2.5/test.jsp
    mysqltomcatnginx
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